Phyllopsora Müll. Arg. (1894)

Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Printzen C. (98-05-27); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 65. Phyllopsora. Biatoraceae A. Massal. ex Stiz. (1862); Lecanorineae; Lecanorales.

Type Information: Type: Phyllopsora breviuscula (Nyl.) Müll. Arg.

Taxonomic Literature: Aptroot A., Diederich P., Sérusiaux E. & Sipman H.J.M.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 1-220 [135-137] (1997); Brako L., Mycotaxon
35: 1-19 (1989); Coppins B.J. & James P.W., Lichenologist 11: 139-
179 (1979); Galloway D.J., Flora of New Zealand Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-
662 [390-391], Wellington (1985); Kalb K. & Elix J.A. in Knoph J.-
G., Schrüfer K. & Sipman H.J.M., Biblioth. Lichenol. 57: 265-
296 [280] (1995); Swinscow T.D.V. & Krog H., Macrolichens of East
Africa: i-viii, 1-390 [213-220] (1988); Poelt J. & Vezda A.,
Biblioth. Lichenol. 16: 1-390 [247] (1981); Purvis O.W. & Coppins
B.J. in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain
and Ireland, London (1992); Schneider G., Biblioth. Lichenol. 13: 1-
291 (1979); Swinscow T.D.V. & Krog H., Lichenologist 13: 203-247
(1981).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Bolivia, Great Britain, Guianas, New Guinea, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Thailand, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; bryophytic, lignicolous, or corticolous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Secondary photobiont absent.

Thallus: Crustose or foliose, squamulose, placodioid, or granular, lobed. Thallus Outline: Persistent. Upper Surface: Grey, green, white, olive, or brownish yellow; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs or hairy; not isidate or isidiate; not sorediate; not cephalodiate; not lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface or attached by holdfasts; special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; not cyphellate; not rhizinate; without thalloconidia thalloconidia; not cavernulate; not tomentose.

Medulla: Iodine reaction in Lugol's solution negative; not different with or without KOH pre-treatment (euamyloid).

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming all across the thallus surface, becoming adnate to soon sessile. Margin: Indistinct to distinct; external filaments absent or present. Exciple: Brown, red, white, brownish yellow, or orange. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown, hyaline, brownish yellow, or orange. Hymenium: Iodine reaction: Lugol’s negative or Lugol’s positive, not hemiamyloid. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Brown, red, white, brownish yellow, or orange.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with non-amyloid narrow axial body and amyloid convergent flanks towards apex; ocular chamber indistinct or broad; dehiscence lecanoralean; exoascus euamyloid, not hemiamyloid.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid, fusiform, ovoid, oblong, or curved, 7-55 µm long, 2-5 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa absent or present; transversally septate, 1-1-transversally septate, formed by the proper spore wall; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed or sessile, formed all accross the thallus surface.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Bacilliform.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, and (tri-)terpenoids.

(report generated 04.Okt.2007)