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Data Set Maintenance: Data set standard item. Data set author(s): Rambold G. Data set reviewer(s): Carlin G. (95-10-05) and Scholz P. (02-05-17); revised; to be published after submission.

Nomenclature: Current taxonomic status: accepted or basionymous. Taxonomic rank: genus. Number of known taxa within this rank: 123. Stereocaulon. Stereocaulaceae Chevall. (1826); Cladoniineae; Lecanorales.

Taxonomic Literature: Clauzade G. & Roux C., Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest N.S. - Numero

Special 7: 1-893 [722-728] (1985); Fryday A.M. & Coppins B.J.,

Lichenologist 28: 513-519 (1996); Galloway D.J., Flora of New
Zealand
Lichens: i-lxxiii, 1-662 [542-550], Wellington (1985); Lamb
I.M., J.
Hattori Bot. Lab. 43: 191-355 (1977); Galloway D.J., Lamb
I.M. &
Bratt G.C., Lichenologist 8: 61-67 (1976); Lamb I.M., J.
Hattori Bot.
Lab. 44: 209-250 (1977); Magnusson A.H., Goeteb.
Kungl. Vetensk. och
Vitterh. Samh. Handl., 4. Foeljd, 30:
§§§§
(§§§§); Poelt J. &
Vezda A., Biblioth. Lichenol. 16: 1-390 [313-327] (1981); Purvis O.W.
in: Purvis O.W. et al. (eds), The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and
Ireland, London (1992); Ryan B.D. in: Nash T.H. III et al. (eds)
Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region vol. 1, 472-474,
Tempe (2002); Sipman H.J.M., Cryptog., Bryol. Lichénol., 19(2-
3): 229-245 (1998).

Biogeography: Checklist records: Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Great Britain, Guianas, Italy, New Zealand, Sonoran Desert, Sweden and Norway, United States and Canada (continental), and Republic of South Africa.

Ecology: Biotroph; lichenized; terricolous or bryophytic; substrate non-calciferous.

Lichen Photobionts: Primary photobiont present; chlorococcal. Primary photobiont taxonomy: Asterochloris, Pseudochlorella, and Trebouxia; Trebouxiaceae and genus incertae sedis; Trebouxiales and family of unknown placement (incertae sedis), Trebouxiophyceae, Eukariota. Secondary photobiont absent or present. Secondary photobiont taxonomy: Anabaena, Anacystis, Aphanocapsa, Gloeocapsa, Nostoc, Scytonema, and Stigonema, Chroococcaceae, Microcystaceae, Nostocaceae, Scytonemataceae, and Stigonemataceae, Chroococcales, Nostocales, and Stigonematales, Cyanobacteria, Prokaryota.

Thallus: Indistinct, crustose, or fruticose, not subdivided parts, squamulose, subfruticose, or granular. Upper Surface: Grey, brown, white, olive, brownish yellow, or pink (rosé); special structures absent or present:; not pseudocyphellate; eciliate; without hairs or hairy; not isidate; not sorediate or sorediate; not cephalodiate or cephalodiate; not lobulate or lobulate; without granules granules, without thalloconidia thalloconidia. Lower Surface: Attached by the whole lower surface or attached by holdfasts; special structures absent.

Reproduction Strategy: Only known as sterile, asexually reproducing form or with sexual (and possible asexual) stages. Ascocarps: Apothecioid, orbicular, forming directly at the thallus margin, directly at the tip of the thallus parts, soon sessile to stipitate. Margin: Distinct to prominent; external filaments absent. Exciple: Green, brown, white, or brownish yellow. Periphyses: Absent. Epithecium: Apical cells brown or brownish yellow. Interascal Hyphae: Present, scarcely branched, not or scarcely anastomosed. Hypothecium: Grey, brown, white, or brownish yellow.

Asci: Tholus thickened, amyloid, with amyloid tube; dehiscence lecanoralean or unitunicate.

Ascospores: c. 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, fusiform, filiform, cylindrical, or clavate, (12)-16-100-(200) µm long, 2-7 µm wide, obtuse or aciculate; septa present; transversally septate, 1-13-transversally septate; wall thin, not thickened at the septum, hyaline, in Lugol's Solution negative, wall not ornamented.

Conidiomata: Absent resp. not observed or present; pycnidial; immersed, formed all accross the thallus surface or along the thallus periphery.

Conidiogeneous Cells: Apical. Conidia: Filiform, bacilliform, or curved; not branched; aseptate.

Secondary Metabolites: Present, of the following substance class(es): orcinol depsides, orcinol depsidones, ß-orcinol depsides, ß-orcinol depsidones, and (higher) aliphatic acids.

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